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Age: Women over 35 suffer from decreased fertility.
Tobacco: Smoking women have a marked reduction in the oocyst reserve, an increase in the rate of spontaneous abortions and chromosomal abnormalities. Tobacco is also associated with high rates of early ovarian failure, ectopic pregnancy, and decreased gestation rate.
Weight: Women with high or low weight may have more difficulty becoming pregnant due to hormonal dysfunctions that lead to poor oocyte quality and lower fertilization rate. Obesity is associated with a 30% decrease in the possibility of becoming pregnant and an increase of about 30% in the rate of spontaneous abortion.
Alcohol: The regular consumption of alcohol can induce hormonal disturbances by altering ovulation or having a direct toxic effect on oocytes leading to a decrease in fertility. Alcohol consumption may also cause changes in fetal development.
Feeding: It is important to have a healthy and balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, milk and dairy products, fish rich in omega 3 and cereals.
Men
Age: Men older than 45 years have lower sperm quality, increasing the likelihood of genetic diseases in offspring, or spontaneous abortion.
Tobacco: Tobacco causes changes in the DNA of spermatozoa and therefore decreases fertility and increases problems in the fetus in case of pregnancy. Tobacco also leads to a significant decrease in sperm quality (concentration, volume and motility).
Weight: Overweight in men leads to various hormonal and metabolic changes. It also contributes to the increase in the scrotal temperature which decreases sperm quality.
Alcohol: The excessive and regular consumption of alcohol induces a decrease in the production of testosterone leading to a decrease in the concentration of spermatozoa and an increase in erectile dysfunction. It may also cause an increase in the rate of miscarriages.
Feeding: It is important that humans have a balanced diet rich in antioxidants to prevent the formation of reactive oxygen species that lead to sperm DNA abnormalities.
Exercise: Moderate physical exercise can have a positive impact on male fertility and reduces the incidence of varicoceles.
Occupational exposure. Men exposed to heat sources (eg
